δύω

δύω [(A)],

A v. δύο.

------------------------------------

δύω [(B)] (v. infr.), δῡνω:

A causal Tenses, cause to sink, sink, plunge in; [tense] pres. only in Thphr.HP5.4.8 οὐκ ἐν ἴσῳ βάθει πάντα δύοντες τῆς θαλάσσης: [tense] aor. 1 ἔδῡσα (ἐξ-) Od.14.341; cf. the compds. ἀπο-, ἐκ-, ἐν-, κατα-δύω.

B non-causal, get or go into, c. acc.: [tense] pres. δύω (v. 1.4); more freq.

δύνω Il.17.202

, Hes.Op.616, S.Ph.1331, etc.; [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.

δῦνον Il.11.268

: [tense] aor.

ἔδῡνα Batr.245

, part.

δύνας Plb.9.15.9

, Paus.2.11.7, Ael.VH4.1, but

ἔδῡσα Ev.Marc.1.32

, etc.: more freq. [voice] Med.

δύομαι Il. 5.140

, E.Rh.529 (lyr.), etc. (also in [dialect] Att. Inscrr., as IG22.1241): [tense] impf.

ἐδυόμην Pl.Plt.269a

; [dialect] Ep.

δύοντο Il.15.345

: [tense] fut. δύσομαι [ῡ] 7.298, E. El.1271: [tense] aor.

ἐδῡσάμην A.R.4.865

, ([etym.] ἀπό) Nic.Al.302; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl.

δύσαντο Il.23.739

, opt. δυσαίατο prob. in 18.376 (Prose and Com. in Compds.); Hom. mostly uses the [dialect] Ep. forms ἐδύσεο, ἐδύσετο, imper.

δύσεο 19.36

, Hes.Sc.108, part. δυσόμενος (in [tense] pres.sense) Od.1.24, Hes. Op.384: more freq. [tense] aor. ἔδυν (as if from Δῦμι) Il.11.63, etc.; [ per.] 3dual ἐδύτην [ῡ] 10.254; [ per.] 1pl.

ἔδῡμεν S.Fr.367

;

ἔδῡτε Od.24.106

; ἔδῡσαν, [dialect] Ep.

ἔδυν Il.11.263

; [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3sg.

δύσκεν 8.271

; imper. δῦθι, δῦτε, 16.64, 18.140; subj. δύω [ῡ] 6.340, 22.99, but δύῃ [ῠ] Hes.Op.728; [dialect] Ep. opt. δύη [ῡ] (for δυίη) Od.18.348; inf.

δῦναι Il.10.221

, [dialect] Att., [dialect] Ep. δύμεναι [ῡ] 14.63,

ἐκ-δῦμεν 16.99

; part. δύς, δῦσα, Hdt.8.8: [tense] pf.

δέδῡκα Il.5.811

, Sapph.52, Pl.Phd.116e; [dialect] Dor. inf. δεδυκεῖν [ῡ] Theoc.1.102:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. and [tense] aor. δῠθήσομαι, ἐδύθην [ῠ], and a [tense] pf. δέδῠμαι only in compds., v. ἀπο-, ἐκ-, ἐν-δύω. [ῠ in δύω in [tense] pres. and [tense] impf. [voice] Act. and [voice] Med., Hom.; but A.R. has δῡομαι

, δῡετο 1.581

, part. δῡόμενος ib.925, Call. Epigr.22;

δῡεται Nonn.D.7.286

;

ἐκ-δέδῠκας AP5.72

(Rufin.).]

I of Places or Countries, enter, make one's way into, in Hom. the most freq. use, εἰ . . κε πύλας καὶ τείχεα δύω ([tense] aor. 2) Il.22.99;

πόλιν δύσεσθαι Od.7.18

; ἔδυ νέφεα plunged into the clouds, of a star, Il.11.63; δῦτε θαλάσσης εὐρέα κόλπον plunge into the lap of Ocean, 18.140; γαῖαν ἐδύτην went beneath the earth, i.e. died, 6.19, cf. 411, etc.; πόλεμον δύμεναι plunge into . . , 14.63;

θεῖον δύσονται ἀγῶνα 7.298

;

ἐδύσετο οὐλαμὸν ἀνδρῶν 20.379

; δύσεο δὲ μνηστῆρας go in to them, Od. 17.276; rarely in Trag.,

αἰθέρα δ. S.Aj.1192

(lyr.), cf. E.El.1271.

2 in [dialect] Ep. less freq. with Preps.,

ἔδυν δόμον Ἄϊδος εἴσω Il.11.263

;

δύσομαι εἰς Ἀΐδαο Od.12.383

;

ἐς πόντον ἐδύσετο 5.352

;

δέρτρον ἔσω δύνοντες 11.579

;

δύσεθ' ἁλὸς κατὰ κῦμα Il.6.136

;

ὑπὸ κῦμα θαλάσσης αὐτίκ' ἔδυσαν 18.145

; κατὰ σταθμοὺς δύεται slinks into the fold, 5.140;

καθ' ὅμιλον ἔδυ Τρώων 3.36

(rarely c. gen.,

κατὰ σπείους κοίλοιο δέδυκεν Od.12.93

); πάϊς ὣς ὑπὸ μητέρα δύσκεν εἰς Αἴαντα he got himself unto Ajax, i.e. got behind his shield, Il.8.271; βέλος δ' εἰς ἐγκέφαλον δῦ ib. 85;

ἀκίδες δεδυκυῖαι διὰ φλεβῶν Plu.Crass.25

; in Prose and Trag. mostly with a Prep. (but δυόμενοι abs., diving, Th.7.25),

δῦναι ἐς θάλασσαν Hdt.8.8

;

ἐς ἄντρον A.Fr.261

;

ἁρμὸν . . πρὸς αὐτὸ στόμιον S. Ant.1217

;

κατὰ βάθος Pl.Lg.905a

;

κατὰ τῆς γῆς Id.Phd.113c

, etc.

3 abs., εἴσω ἔδυ ξίφος the sword entered his body, Il.16.340; δύνει ἀλοιφή sinks in (where however βοείην may be supplied), 17.392:—[voice] Med.,

δύου πάλιν Ar.V.148

.

4 of Sun and Stars, sink into [the sea], set,

ἠέλιος μὲν ἔδυ Il.18.241

, cf. Od.3.329, etc.;

ἔδυ φάος ἠελίοιο 13.35

;

δύσετό τ' ἠέλιος 2.388

, cf. Il.7.465, etc.;

ἀελίω δύντος Sapph.Supp.25.8

; so Βοώτης ὀψὲ δύων late-setting Boötes, Od. 5.272;

δείελος ὀψὲ δύων Il.21.232

; [

σελαναία] δύεν Bion Fr.8.6

;

πρὸ δύντος ἡλίου Hdt.7.149

;

πρὸ ἡλίου δύντος D.15.22

; δυσόμενος Υπερίων (to mark the West) Od.1.24; ἐδύετο εἰς τόπον [ὁ ἥλιος] Pl.Plt.269a; πρὸς δύνοντος ἡλίου towards the West, A.Supp.255: metaph.,

βίου δύντος αὐγαί Id.Ag.1123

(lyr.); ἔδυ πρόπας δόμος ib.1011 (lyr.); δεδυκὸς ζῆν live in retirement, Pl.Lg.781c.

II of clothes and armour, get into,

Ἀρήϊα τεύχεα δ. Il.6.340

, etc.; κυνέην δ. put on one's helmet, 5.845;

δῦ δὲ χιτῶν' 18.416

: metaph., εἰ μὴ σύ γε δύσεαι ἀλκήν if thou wilt not put on strength, 9.231; so

ἀνάγκας ἔδυ λέπαδνον A.Ag.218

(lyr.): hence,

2 trans., put on,

ἀμφ' ὤμοισιν ἐδύσετο τεύχεα Il. 3.328

, etc.;

ὤμοιϊν . . τεύχεα δῦθι 16.64

;

χιτῶνα περὶ χροΐ . . δῦνεν Od. 15.61

;

χρυσὸν . . ἔδυνε περὶ χροΐ Il.8.43

.

3 rarely abs. with a Prep.,

ὅπλοισιν ἔνι δεινοῖσιν ἐδύτην 10.272

, cf. A.R.1.638;

ἐς τεύχεα δύντε Od.22.201

.

III of sufferings, passions, and the like , enter, come over or upon,

κάματος . . γυῖα δέδυκεν Il.5.811

;

ὄφρ' ἔτι μᾶλλον δύη ἄχος κραδίην Od.18.348

;

ἦτορ δῦν' ἄχος Il.19.367

;

ὀδύναι δῦνον μένος 11.272

; κρατερὴ δέ ἑ λύσσα δέδυκε madness is come over him, 9.239; δῦ μιν Ἄρης Ares, i.e. the spirit of war, filled him, 17.210;

μιν ἔδυ χόλος 19.16

.